Francois Chaussier, French doctor and physicist, late 18th century.

FRANCE - JUNE 03: Engraving after a painting by Merime of Chaussier (1746-1828), who was a surgeon and anatomist, and was professor of obstetrics in Paris. He gave oxygen to a newborn baby 1780 and described the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation of infants. In 1807 he wrote on the sympathetic nerves. Chaussier also carried out experiments with hydrogen and electricity. A blowtorch he invented consisted of a �well softened bladder� with a conical tube. Chaussier filled it with hydrogen and lit the end of the tube with an electric spark. It could apparently melt metals. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)